{"id":"W2134022000","doi":"10.1002/atr.195","title":"Dynamic marginal cost, access control, and pollution charge: a comparison of bottleneck and whole link models","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Advanced Transportation","topic":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bottleneck; Queue; Queueing theory; Computer science; Dynamic pricing; Externality; Mathematical optimization; Marginal cost; Inflow; Operations research; Computer network; Engineering; Economics; Mathematics; Microeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002258335,0.000765619,0.001217685,0.001261124,0.0005350212,0.002457702,0.002956207,0.001282434,0.005846786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005017149,0.0005498362,0.001566685,0.001002436,0.001902907,0.00443973,0.001989811,0.001454091,0.0001975638],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003678596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001827806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01136216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00449262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985722,0.0005684862,0.0000333717,0.0002083181,0.0003154813,0.0003021924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971538,0.001616492,0.0003636714,0.0002725204,0.0003561472,0.0002374048],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004376308,0.0000588346,0.000743572,0.0000428197,0.00003511941,0.00005242563,0.0000563257,0.7775418,0.0004065614,0.2158812,0.0004756549,0.004661854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000529404,0.00002015747,0.0002466935,0.000005838374,0.00001635033,0.00001479268,0.0000233204,0.9721629,0.00008979261,0.02709715,0.0003083533,0.00000935119],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3146698,0.001174829,0.6554567,0.001440891,0.00009696253,0.00008364465,0.0002369429,0.0001943048,0.02664591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854463,0.0003556174,0.01069366,0.00006691106,0.00005482731,0.00004616403,0.00005654571,0.00003871611,0.003241292],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01136216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02669019,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02333581293451155,"score_gpt":0.3348682252146101,"score_spread":0.3115324122800986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}