{"id":"W2134022000","doi":"10.1002/atr.195","title":"Dynamic marginal cost, access control, and pollution charge: a comparison of bottleneck and whole link models","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Advanced Transportation","topic":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bottleneck; Queue; Queueing theory; Computer science; Dynamic pricing; Externality; Mathematical optimization; Marginal cost; Inflow; Operations research; Computer network; Engineering; Economics; Mathematics; Microeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000415604,0.00008624609,0.0002416851,0.0001321526,0.0001434763,0.00002518701,0.00006619992,0.00007845905,0.000008646634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002126935,0.00008452257,0.00004256093,0.0001600064,0.00009814586,0.001488527,6.612894e-7,0.0001265548,2.482942e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003134211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006001205,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004352188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002009854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989237,0.00005516564,0.00047631,0.00008190369,0.0002989313,0.0001639501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989765,0.00004864638,0.0005734791,0.00003883214,0.0002309795,0.0001315161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00123745,0.0002870784,0.3041573,0.0001766684,0.0001063224,0.000004212051,0.07231375,0.563188,0.008170336,0.01050982,0.00005818163,0.03979097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00245889,0.0001500389,0.9843833,0.0001571479,0.0001736137,0.000002661371,0.00375411,0.005942112,0.0001840941,0.0009279089,0.001704943,0.000161201],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9227076,0.002026529,0.07365937,0.00100251,0.0002486077,0.0002034136,0.0000507826,0.00001245013,0.00008879932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940277,0.0007655899,0.00503809,0.00003761881,0.00006225516,0.000003101911,0.00003194742,0.00000810775,0.00002557664],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.680226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3446731,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02333581293451155,"score_gpt":0.3348682252146101,"score_spread":0.3115324122800986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}