{"id":"W2134355314","doi":"10.5539/jel.v4n2p28","title":"ESL Pedagogy and Certification: Teacher Perceptions and Efficacy","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Education and Learning","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ell; Certification; Psychology; English-language learner; Alternative teacher certification; Perception; Pedagogy; Teacher education; Mathematics education; Teacher preparation; English language; Teaching method; Political science; Vocabulary development","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009867935,0.0002242684,0.0004042527,0.001569228,0.00126502,0.002251358,0.0004697722,0.0005648456,0.002604981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02557127,0.0004167296,0.0005045887,0.0005336155,0.001939549,0.001300944,0.001838162,0.001126699,0.0005335985],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001075748,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001374529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004559238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005217056,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958627,0.001507684,0.0003910563,0.0003148128,0.00145242,0.0004712961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9751784,0.01107287,0.005519812,0.0009273734,0.004656929,0.002644746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002065048,0.001903839,0.9018361,0.0001419098,0.00005124354,0.0002627228,0.06805711,0.0001879265,0.001649395,0.0004908397,0.000628677,0.02458359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004892962,0.0012053,0.8855417,0.0001841803,0.00004613191,0.0003383232,0.1071369,0.0007825045,0.001243566,0.0003343593,0.003098323,0.00003976085],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974573,0.00005924895,0.00007478493,0.0001208321,0.000007077979,0.00002774129,0.00001204115,0.000004660206,0.002236288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989059,0.00008491747,0.00009000338,0.00003703958,0.000005804112,0.00002477261,0.00002042076,0.000002576876,0.0008285374],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009867935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05218726,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1377835093339523,"score_gpt":0.5184487458649958,"score_spread":0.3806652365310434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}