{"id":"W2134571812","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2008.04.043","title":"Interferences and contaminants encountered in modern mass spectrometry","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":626,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta; Child and Family Research Institute; Queen's University; University of British Columbia","funders":"Canadian Arthritis Network; Michael Smith Health Research BC; Child and Family Research Institute","keywords":"Chemistry; Mass spectrometry; Contamination; Sample preparation; Ionization; Electrospray ionization; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Sample (material); Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Electrospray; Biochemical engineering; Ion; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008763363,0.000587198,0.001801035,0.0005444779,0.00007732245,0.00008838115,0.0007487889,0.00047659,0.001637244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006063365,0.0005013967,0.0003416045,0.0006421318,0.0001612283,0.0000899395,0.0001947872,0.0008662076,0.0000198991],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002467341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000139233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002528561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003470228,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975449,0.00003401472,0.0008324208,0.0008470912,0.0002460961,0.0004955049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998387,0.0002334053,0.0003885646,0.0008098438,0.00002957157,0.0001516074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004706997,0.001224715,0.000697074,0.02658664,0.001648347,0.0003493535,0.0003696707,1.953963e-8,0.004170442,0.007769123,0.006356344,0.9507812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004260855,0.00008624756,0.00003533857,0.01062923,0.0007459854,0.0005862283,0.00008926822,0.000619326,0.0003874903,0.00563112,0.9791583,0.001605324],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000671686,0.8934383,0.00003698955,0.0001108926,0.00003403562,0.0004346153,0.0002311146,0.0002157528,0.1048266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04174186,0.9558738,0.0007824799,0.00001745978,0.0001022787,0.0001185044,0.0001315872,0.00006350866,0.001168561],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.972802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03264171896315886,"score_gpt":0.3090917955815615,"score_spread":0.2764500766184027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}