{"id":"W2134826430","doi":"10.1068/p5285","title":"Shape-from-Shading Depends on Visual, Gravitational, and Body-Orientation Cues","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Perception","topic":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Orientation (vector space); Luminance; Shading; Sensory cue; Perception; Computer vision; Photometric stereo; Regular polygon; Artificial intelligence; Depth perception; Geometry; Psychology; Communication; Optics; Mathematics; Physics; Computer science; Computer graphics (images); Image (mathematics); Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001251739,0.0001541707,0.0001094209,0.0001470322,0.0003742419,0.0001733286,0.00008073674,0.00008561293,0.000758844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001449742,0.0001522613,0.00003875614,0.0001982916,0.00006630891,0.000477909,0.00002432826,0.0001374099,0.0006337645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001008663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002349598,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003931619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001084963,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987139,0.00007085217,0.0001893884,0.0004771689,0.000363964,0.0001847791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996278,0.00006512649,0.00007598872,0.00009580243,0.00003891773,0.00009641672],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004304959,0.00009552047,0.0001787262,0.00001012886,0.00000120646,0.000002402729,0.002053338,0.00005969942,0.973546,0.003725077,0.00003851294,0.02024629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005402381,0.002446121,0.3232583,0.000480274,0.00009170933,0.0001004643,0.00584166,0.01906134,0.4904754,0.149218,0.001904869,0.001719409],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930555,0.000007236749,0.005044832,0.0005062927,0.0002716192,0.0001292942,0.00001334445,0.0001615866,0.0008103432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963047,0.00008203633,0.001052223,0.002104265,0.0001804285,0.0000220468,0.00006401595,0.0000226202,0.0001676976],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4830706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8308809,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05443168809474551,"score_gpt":0.3574293984151819,"score_spread":0.3029977103204364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}