{"id":"W2134852789","doi":"10.4141/p02-112","title":"The biology of Canadian weeds. 128. Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","topic":"Botany and Plant Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Noxious weed; Weed; Perennial plant; Botany; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008677823,0.00009213809,0.0001710146,0.000140331,0.001213951,0.0000500133,0.0008125293,0.0000696968,0.00006217362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002867572,0.00003137067,0.00005697986,0.0008469544,0.001425528,0.000117769,0.00001652501,0.0001833754,0.00001088712],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001283862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001492445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3563321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9890208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988798,0.00003449602,0.0002656521,0.0001267622,0.0001307978,0.0005624972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987158,0.0002204428,0.00018633,0.0000486651,0.0001879904,0.0006408147],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001438969,0.00007559487,0.4187869,0.00001906841,0.0002468168,0.001366841,0.003542042,0.0002369496,0.3032042,0.1828108,0.03353879,0.05602804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002943244,0.0006917323,0.4049242,0.000102547,0.00002769188,0.001029988,0.00263628,0.000008015938,0.004707046,0.006735548,0.5785342,0.0003084474],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820696,0.001028183,8.468365e-7,0.01343354,0.000807958,0.00006947556,0.0005832816,0.000002623442,0.002004491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992166,0.0002297835,0.00003027629,0.0003447755,0.0001171075,7.226994e-7,0.00000534723,3.977399e-7,0.00005505523],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6326887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9336855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02042974628567363,"score_gpt":0.1915694369401883,"score_spread":0.1711396906545146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}