{"id":"W2135193705","doi":"10.1002/hyp.1394","title":"Ice‐cover variability on shallow lakes at high latitudes: model simulations and observations","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hydrological Processes","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":258,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies; McMaster University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Churchill Northern Studies Centre; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Snow; Sea ice thickness; Cryosphere; Arctic ice pack; Climatology; Sea ice; Antarctic sea ice; Environmental science; Arctic; Atmospheric sciences; Ice field; Sea ice concentration; Snow line; Snow field; Melt pond; Geology; Glacier; Snow cover; Oceanography; Geomorphology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005451387,0.0004866752,0.0005614707,0.0002730177,0.0005332317,0.0007452193,0.0006815295,0.0009222219,0.0009892592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001100866,0.0003689131,0.0006108301,0.0004279237,0.000501229,0.0006843937,0.0002989301,0.000428788,0.000154792],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001252488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006611957,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04987251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0291805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998999,0.0000349402,0.000005660529,0.00002398986,0.00001446431,0.00002116258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999418,0.0003615591,0.00005937595,0.00004258144,0.00005886974,0.00005968707],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009555161,0.0001025251,0.02127578,0.000020629,0.00003122992,0.0000547136,0.00005034472,0.9759078,0.0006775032,0.0003633422,0.0002652152,0.001155287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007247329,0.00005234586,0.00929161,0.000005328712,0.00001586257,0.00001008542,0.00003120199,0.9896549,0.0005013741,0.000227317,0.0001271626,0.00001030714],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977176,0.00003056874,0.0008038711,0.00004938231,0.000002469216,0.00001151873,0.0005781594,0.00006852335,0.000737916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987535,0.00003358159,0.0005157271,0.00000921545,0.000002895586,0.00002568999,0.0005043648,0.000008740536,0.0001462345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04987251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09916443,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03517074677810512,"score_gpt":0.2272546233229953,"score_spread":0.1920838765448901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}