{"id":"W2136680593","doi":"10.1002/9781118351475.ch9","title":"Climate and Climate‐System Modelling","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Biosphere; Cryosphere; Radiative forcing; Earth system science; Biosphere model; Climate model; Forcing (mathematics); Climate change; Environmental science; Earth science; Climatology; Climate state; Climate commitment; Climate system; Transient climate simulation; Meteorology; Global warming; Geology; Geography; Effects of global warming; Ecology; Oceanography; Sea ice","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001460243,0.00120493,0.000871364,0.001359619,0.0008724785,0.004038922,0.001954524,0.001681123,0.04956917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004362347,0.0004518754,0.001199111,0.00466518,0.0007479043,0.002439414,0.00171429,0.002119097,0.01322593],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002438974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003564839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02084079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01335742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989576,0.0004069879,0.00007010201,0.0001546841,0.0003275864,0.00008296462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988115,0.0006209102,0.0001069651,0.0001497056,0.0002212226,0.00008976875],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000241705,0.00005617516,0.001716559,0.0004455726,0.00008720216,0.000157217,0.0002599673,0.2530039,0.0003354291,0.4651457,0.1746629,0.1041052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002230876,0.00001601114,0.001241,0.0002149227,0.00002531492,0.00008773965,0.0001222527,0.1525237,0.0002685651,0.1815261,0.663905,0.00004707346],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00586203,0.01136358,0.363807,0.01104135,0.001434133,0.0006466347,0.03861955,0.00745169,0.559774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3157348,0.04079342,0.3118399,0.002412318,0.002499464,0.001826121,0.04087409,0.004683497,0.2793365],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04956917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1658254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005873154206294129,"score_gpt":0.174298301823907,"score_spread":0.1684251476176128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}