{"id":"W2136825874","doi":"10.5194/npg-20-669-2013","title":"Four-dimensional ensemble-variational data assimilation for global deterministic weather prediction","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nonlinear processes in geophysics","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Data assimilation; Radiosonde; Numerical weather prediction; Ensemble Kalman filter; Troposphere; Hessian matrix; Ensemble forecasting; Meteorology; Global Forecast System; Range (aeronautics); Mathematics; Environmental science; Computer science; Kalman filter; Statistics; Applied mathematics; Extended Kalman filter; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001702865,0.0001241181,0.000139647,0.00002875666,0.0001348197,0.00006589115,0.0002471052,0.00008359017,0.0005119287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003719195,0.0001026178,0.00002371364,0.0002881301,0.00004155058,0.0005316897,0.00002645796,0.00008144759,0.0001301684],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009146484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001616121,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001135844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003201633,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988741,0.0000349064,0.0002733876,0.0003410578,0.0002525357,0.0002240576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989509,0.0004689585,0.00009311758,0.0002297455,0.0001885095,0.00006874638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000201155,0.0003782279,0.5340747,0.0002515219,0.00006455124,0.00000467761,0.0001616399,0.3106416,0.00006441395,0.001416236,0.001161674,0.1515796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002728457,0.00008323072,0.3165827,0.000008766568,0.00001196447,0.000001602003,0.000006563239,0.6398561,0.000002250232,0.04235245,0.0007322521,0.00008930101],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9188091,0.0002648981,0.06260952,0.0009542263,0.0009924636,0.001823985,0.005121432,0.0001662843,0.00925805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9667585,0.000004983227,0.02854997,0.0002571886,0.0004729436,0.00001404985,0.003848239,0.000004076281,0.00009007375],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3292145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.560526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0557614952412381,"score_gpt":0.2737801984066806,"score_spread":0.2180187031654425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}