{"id":"W2138314044","doi":"10.1002/bit.21436","title":"Acid‐catalyzed steam pretreatment of lodgepole pine and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation to ethanol","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":171,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bioconversion; Chemistry; Raw material; Fermentation; Ethanol; Ethanol fuel; Mountain pine beetle; Pulp and paper industry; Hydrolysis; Steam explosion; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Ethanol fermentation; Food science; Botany; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Biology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007123571,0.0004660069,0.0002360606,0.0002183899,0.0001820258,0.0003175024,0.0001867564,0.0001485294,0.0006221786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000660075,0.0001169346,0.0001951063,0.0002698443,0.00009570205,0.000169449,0.0001350069,0.0002496658,0.0002033422],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002117113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002047672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003116307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007531991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999397,0.000003712757,0.000003745018,0.00001206397,0.00002320086,0.00001765671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999702,0.000004043333,0.000009598214,0.000002468634,0.000007186071,0.00000648262],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004205363,0.00001279353,0.0005373048,0.00004160232,0.000005248742,0.00007675927,0.00001152974,0.000200513,0.9947572,0.00002741777,0.00002745898,0.004260165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006538142,0.0003268206,0.02122826,0.000009644325,0.00001697937,0.0002375175,0.00005947896,0.001477663,0.9730167,0.0000682458,0.003543685,0.000008498865],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904456,0.002565128,0.004237006,0.00003653743,0.0000233151,0.00005262609,0.0002836787,0.00007827615,0.002277809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920245,0.001375807,0.004205736,0.00002500392,0.000007315939,0.00001582458,0.0005435236,0.000008679231,0.001793557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003116307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00619632,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00720075191281013,"score_gpt":0.2075416160599486,"score_spread":0.2003408641471384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}