{"id":"W2138439934","doi":"10.1007/s00442-003-1210-y","title":"Exposure of leopard frogs to a pesticide mixture affects life history characteristics of the lungworm Rhabdias ranae","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Oecologia","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Armand Frappier Museum; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Lungworm; Pesticide; Leopard frog; Larva; Zoology; Parasite hosting; Ecology; Toxicology; Amphibian","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002274558,0.0001248103,0.0002648999,0.00002167034,0.00004144557,0.000001804835,0.0002792933,0.0001625315,0.00304222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006065993,0.00008150248,0.00009142004,0.0001082589,0.000356588,0.00002358731,0.0001179843,0.0001270876,0.0001288293],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001810326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005899658,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002487317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001020409,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990525,0.0001525094,0.0002189682,0.0002137131,0.0001417983,0.0002204821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992624,0.0001191974,0.0001928954,0.0003129196,0.00001067189,0.0001019065],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004106178,0.0001267887,0.9189535,0.00002347913,0.00001952951,0.00000645537,0.0004872598,0.00004875732,0.03637216,0.0003049349,0.04242139,0.001194646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001983169,0.0002370471,0.9573082,0.000008952128,0.00002237626,0.000004332574,0.00003634074,0.000004604246,0.002772483,0.00002578614,0.0392758,0.00010581],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876963,0.0001216465,0.00005313497,0.0001811597,0.0006993542,0.0002809452,0.000008565044,0.00001386061,0.01094506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965439,0.00001131539,0.0004643676,0.001020443,0.00002587874,0.00001252486,0.000001756814,0.00000883453,0.001911006],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03835461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009159251259183782,"score_gpt":0.1953027565438406,"score_spread":0.1861435052846568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}