{"id":"W2138493199","doi":"10.1007/s10797-006-9000-1","title":"Optimal nonlinear taxes for families","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Tax and Public Finance","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Public finance; Microeconomics; Schedule; Sign (mathematics); Pareto principle; Optimal tax; Econometrics; Mathematical economics; Public economics; Macroeconomics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001657968,0.0001094932,0.0001882243,0.0001477875,0.00009173623,0.000129805,0.0002056061,0.00006973241,0.00006461279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008540621,0.0001265353,0.00007553332,0.00006253261,0.00008018179,0.0003615573,0.00004605794,0.00006570751,0.00009931195],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003629111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001226043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005162762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008213356,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990934,0.00000262435,0.0003627347,0.0002915166,0.00002181247,0.0002279174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995964,0.00005402609,0.0001745247,0.0001105188,0.00003513389,0.00002939601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001189108,0.0000518058,0.02134576,0.000009447404,0.00001885964,6.092746e-7,0.00002949636,0.0000760292,0.000005582182,0.9599141,0.01726249,0.001273864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005243731,0.00003325788,0.02150911,0.000005080592,0.000001056297,0.000005079758,0.00001952433,0.01508745,0.00005671335,0.1569633,0.8056245,0.00017055],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8318936,0.001205056,0.008142252,0.01100532,0.001228136,0.0002170058,0.00325016,0.00004702286,0.1430114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852113,0.0001020536,0.006419217,0.000461962,0.0008554355,0.00005974481,0.0001017808,0.0000147799,0.0067738],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8029508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5159958,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02509588825123055,"score_gpt":0.2218907629728585,"score_spread":0.1967948747216279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}