{"id":"W2139794519","doi":"10.22329/il.v30i2.2931","title":"Truth and Argument Evaluation","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Informal Logic","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Falsity; Premise; Argument (complex analysis); Epistemology; Logical truth; Criticism; Focus (optics); Philosophy; Law; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005095334,0.00006954256,0.00008337663,0.0000318079,0.0001743061,0.00007901562,0.00005724913,0.00005270698,0.0008513974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007409092,0.00005213968,0.00002834258,0.000008229604,0.0002502806,0.0002440864,0.00002513998,0.000204389,0.0001113323],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004499032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002770857,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003825179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003126437,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995073,0.00001688565,0.0001365701,0.00007325746,0.0001397123,0.0001262369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996393,0.00005564763,0.00005792713,0.0001036872,0.0001063415,0.0000370572],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005440379,0.00001390755,0.0001636133,0.00001352576,0.00000856809,4.032792e-7,0.009422364,0.000002109108,0.00005861228,0.9766935,0.0001964056,0.01342152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009266176,0.0002994763,0.007182416,0.00001099353,0.00008585457,0.00001332945,0.004020306,0.001185875,0.0004180405,0.1891742,0.7963532,0.0003297895],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5661137,0.00005375584,0.00001032537,0.0002542686,0.001366848,0.000118409,0.000005782649,0.00003312781,0.4320439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969749,0.000009857534,0.0001089453,0.0007575913,0.000450173,0.00001454229,0.0000158183,0.000003519897,0.001664659],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7961568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9322204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0797422625294547,"score_gpt":0.2921479428081424,"score_spread":0.2124056802786877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}