{"id":"W2139904146","doi":"","title":"A Separate Personal Income Tax Collection System For Alberta: Advantages and Disadvantages","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich)","topic":"Canadian Policy and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"State income tax; Ad valorem tax; Tax reform; Business; Public economics; Indirect tax; Direct tax; Tax avoidance; Income tax; Value-added tax; Double taxation; Economics; Economic policy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003891352,0.0003972829,0.0003799514,0.002600584,0.008881058,0.007686851,0.002681266,0.001600822,0.01243775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006953496,0.000547852,0.0006295879,0.005957227,0.002466074,0.002304675,0.003137722,0.002331244,0.001576612],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.07052202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2181636,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9840566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9895396,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9916333,0.0005525993,0.0001950463,0.0005866181,0.005169886,0.00186254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911737,0.000522321,0.0002213087,0.0009535205,0.005692656,0.00143651],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005104875,0.0002250148,0.03553537,0.0003371697,0.0001212482,0.0004789098,0.003939555,0.003651958,0.002191162,0.4246961,0.2092043,0.3191086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002657669,0.0001611697,0.1154093,0.0003721709,0.0001639843,0.0004100341,0.006177737,0.007287392,0.001688167,0.01597034,0.8518485,0.0002455103],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.1488499,0.004021023,0.01563652,0.0494882,0.001417978,0.001117038,0.004475386,0.002004013,0.7729899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6362026,0.003230314,0.02663016,0.00638631,0.0003206389,0.0003545225,0.005337198,0.0003369201,0.3212014],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.929478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5116755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01398992376745421,"score_gpt":0.258244198292738,"score_spread":0.2442542745252838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}