{"id":"W2140339459","doi":"10.1016/j.wneu.2010.04.005","title":"Informatic Surgery: The Union of Surgeon and Machine","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Neurosurgery","topic":"Surgical Simulation and Training","field":"Medicine","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Apprenticeship; Standardization; Robotics; Modalities; Robotic surgery; Neurosurgery; Medical physics; Artificial intelligence; Robot; Surgery; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007922824,0.00009522348,0.0002707537,0.0002001009,0.00007799701,0.00001569335,0.00003241307,0.00003144326,0.0002753151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004960878,0.00005953919,0.0001042514,0.0004169602,0.0001173138,0.00006972645,0.00002793469,0.0002770936,0.000007409708],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003286163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003146798,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002069314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003916088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991322,0.00005969941,0.0003602202,0.0001005793,0.0001954469,0.0001518572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973702,0.002149276,0.0001233002,0.0002189496,0.00003745356,0.0001008203],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001401607,0.00007762965,0.8924156,0.000100692,0.00002183466,0.00003342078,0.0001340474,0.000009096417,0.001750673,0.00122981,0.001341434,0.1027456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006160163,0.00001661238,0.8253537,0.00006365189,0.00003521134,0.0000864515,0.00001633919,0.001672907,0.001888209,0.0001009542,0.1700377,0.0001122269],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912381,0.00004605212,0.000008405472,0.003377545,0.0005008949,0.0001131726,0.000002795933,0.00004792508,0.004665142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980378,0.00003473261,0.00001189967,0.001304758,0.00005340328,0.000003431226,0.0000115871,0.00001185374,0.0005305741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1686963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3014508,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02975422945969333,"score_gpt":0.2586333612899276,"score_spread":0.2288791318302343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}