{"id":"W2140721493","doi":"10.1167/11.5.2","title":"Classification images: A review","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":200,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Pattern recognition (psychology); Principal component analysis; Observer (physics); Curse of dimensionality; Image processing; Psychophysics; Machine learning; Perception; Image (mathematics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007778117,0.001030665,0.001434414,0.004927145,0.0004739625,0.001764214,0.001544637,0.001710825,0.008658487],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002224339,0.0004554036,0.0005606581,0.004887448,0.0008519272,0.003394662,0.0008259868,0.001529969,0.006728191],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009269684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001345282,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00211346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002092057,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996605,0.00004759668,0.00004844384,0.00007237901,0.0001468222,0.00002420985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988576,0.0005209266,0.00008599355,0.00004124572,0.0004306897,0.00006355254],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002929576,0.00003558263,0.0001368769,0.005961818,0.00003917335,0.0001091605,0.0000558192,0.0002851766,0.0005723468,0.004079484,0.04721253,0.9414827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007474758,0.00004669782,0.0007386854,0.002835136,0.00004578281,0.001315202,0.00006322542,0.0002311534,0.0003905455,0.004728856,0.9895712,0.00002607266],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001660097,0.9945316,0.001152001,0.0004647739,0.0004952161,0.0000131246,0.0000551735,0.00003147846,0.003090514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001305208,0.9934962,0.001791964,0.0003775097,0.0006837855,0.00002037618,0.0001409598,0.00001168571,0.002172317],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008658487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02896559,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2652969467840312,"score_gpt":0.4665862520625875,"score_spread":0.2012893052785564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}