{"id":"W2140899088","doi":"10.5539/elt.v4n2p97","title":"Investigating the Effects of Three Types of Corrective Feedback on the Acquisition of English Wh-question Forms by Iranian EFL Learners","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Corrective feedback; Psychology; Task (project management); Meaning (existential); Metalinguistics; Test (biology); Second-language acquisition; Control (management); Linguistics; Mathematics education; Teaching method; Computer science; Vocabulary development; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001522676,0.0005427982,0.000375594,0.0002930628,0.0002002258,0.0002969744,0.0003950781,0.0003853074,0.0009874672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01601551,0.0001837993,0.0001509043,0.0001326895,0.000355683,0.0004534575,0.0002958793,0.0004250323,0.0001561988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001646765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005723804,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00110587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00134204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990595,0.0003590292,0.0001097786,0.0001390328,0.0002484382,0.00008418428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9918201,0.005215074,0.001373441,0.0003735882,0.0008843536,0.0003334841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01408162,0.008328482,0.1562256,0.001253912,0.0001826339,0.0009086681,0.02496732,0.0008998174,0.346329,0.0002404397,0.000294513,0.446288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008257363,0.04860431,0.6964405,0.0001279986,0.0004141603,0.001799309,0.01294522,0.002305849,0.2320995,0.0005472418,0.003762469,0.0001277354],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99967,0.00002871766,0.0001428442,0.000006540411,0.00000224176,0.00001316804,0.000004733055,0.00000476578,0.0001270426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976235,0.0001000148,0.00184922,0.00001634069,0.000004936189,0.00003588653,0.00002859427,0.000005163874,0.0003362531],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001522676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008052766,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01434646731675304,"score_gpt":0.2227844496597288,"score_spread":0.2084379823429758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}