{"id":"W2141365577","doi":"10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00747.x","title":"Skimming the Surface","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychological Science","topic":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","field":"Psychology","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Test (biology); Think aloud protocol; Read aloud; Cognitive psychology; Social psychology; Reading aloud; Linguistics; Reading (process); Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008412588,0.0005462179,0.0004959374,0.0005708255,0.0006834652,0.002526129,0.0004637027,0.001060965,0.01969375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01094911,0.0001724888,0.0005438707,0.0003740163,0.001445259,0.004647189,0.002086402,0.00127604,0.006841613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002584782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003429967,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002801616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002617001,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989327,0.0002792945,0.00005633407,0.0001790056,0.0004547744,0.00009793152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961947,0.001996798,0.0003367085,0.00075311,0.0005490625,0.0001696929],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001977028,0.0002954893,0.01033403,0.00141958,0.0002034125,0.003067454,0.0173941,0.001251426,0.2550541,0.03797129,0.04215442,0.6288776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002286172,0.003391823,0.02303394,0.0008962599,0.0003882195,0.01148666,0.03591582,0.01919505,0.2800879,0.1405602,0.4844886,0.0003269195],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.671069,0.004204371,0.1870054,0.0113692,0.002981544,0.00032003,0.0007453356,0.002630032,0.1196751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8877155,0.00233326,0.05687003,0.003046878,0.0004729035,0.00007182825,0.000746629,0.0009840508,0.04775889],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01969375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06588209,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06700877430340521,"score_gpt":0.4394844014119766,"score_spread":0.3724756271085714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}