{"id":"W2141411744","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2003.1226417","title":"Considering renewable energy in small isolated power system expansion","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Power System Reliability and Maintenance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Wind power; Intermittent energy source; Environmental economics; Photovoltaic system; Offset (computer science); Energy source; Energy development; Electric power system; Energy engineering; Reliability (semiconductor); Environmental science; Computer science; Power (physics); Distributed generation; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001424751,0.000140484,0.0002109132,0.00008949007,0.00002409536,0.00002163509,0.00009656748,0.0001093455,0.00002241438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001487737,0.0001305636,0.00004098116,0.0001897746,0.00001415594,0.00009904835,0.00002656167,0.00007887487,0.00003391356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002847395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002750128,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004159977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004901122,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991241,0.00001682794,0.0003016792,0.000185088,0.00006298658,0.0003093018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999597,0.00002346608,0.00001754566,0.0002658913,0.0000263815,0.00006972881],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001963154,0.00003904877,0.0002337594,0.0003719488,0.00002630777,0.0001412135,0.0006124697,0.9572613,0.02753126,0.0129066,0.0006738374,0.0001826193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01204201,0.0006026133,0.00191024,0.009825148,0.00005351938,0.001103855,0.009741402,0.4278105,0.4271002,0.00762984,0.09774116,0.004439575],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4034342,0.001028269,0.4682088,0.00009391998,0.001666076,0.0002606826,0.00000333077,0.001871021,0.1234337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985723,0.00001945868,0.0009089177,0.00004487148,0.00001348798,0.00001916242,0.000001450682,0.00002436303,0.0003960098],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5951381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6288669,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007247808096019962,"score_gpt":0.1703752437368427,"score_spread":0.1631274356408227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}