{"id":"W2142791646","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2013.04.005","title":"The efficiency and stability of bubble formation by acoustic vaporization of submicron perfluorocarbon droplets","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Vaporization; Microbubbles; Coalescence (physics); Bubble; Materials science; Microsecond; Nucleation; Liquid bubble; Mechanics; Ultrasound; Optics; Acoustics; Thermodynamics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002757235,0.0001547457,0.00009919055,0.0001176508,0.0001309357,0.0002303731,0.0001695685,0.0002148845,0.0007736444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006308567,0.0001048055,0.0001228615,0.00009712791,0.0001831202,0.0003567464,0.0001387893,0.0002349366,0.0001272438],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002850719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001316731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009871419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006412416,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998387,0.00001792338,0.00001034706,0.00003724228,0.00005339443,0.00004227938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997516,0.0001164849,0.0000555614,0.00001856206,0.00004043601,0.00001743572],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009143718,0.000007197854,0.000182429,0.00001299057,0.000002308647,0.00001185454,0.00002118984,0.00007575444,0.9983141,0.00005162596,0.00001664187,0.001212479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000247874,0.00005910933,0.0004448054,4.144093e-7,0.000001808664,0.00001048433,0.000005299913,0.0004605538,0.9988919,0.000004175693,0.0001173194,0.000001694088],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975637,0.0004559682,0.001424159,0.00002460952,0.00001237386,0.000006148105,0.00004463772,0.00001654927,0.0004518847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984864,0.0001802273,0.0007156208,0.000008547443,0.00000601492,0.000004818977,0.00006500694,0.00001163444,0.000521722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009871419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002588093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003815589479518309,"score_gpt":0.168069483398704,"score_spread":0.1642538939191857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}