{"id":"W2143507764","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00406.x","title":"Efficiency and economies of scale of large Canadian banks","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique","topic":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Economies of scale; Scale (ratio); Returns to scale; Panel data; Economics; Cost efficiency; Banking industry; Econometrics; Set (abstract data type); Monetary economics; Business; Microeconomics; Financial system; Production (economics); Computer science; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001895708,0.0003563,0.0005596064,0.003109276,0.00106307,0.003021372,0.0006668749,0.0002842013,0.003113601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0119564,0.0002610718,0.0005307986,0.004040867,0.001167226,0.00106344,0.0008741215,0.0004418683,0.0002362865],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02460859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01014578,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8890431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8989522,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979686,0.0002013696,0.00007382752,0.000263687,0.001065992,0.0004264901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9904031,0.001909726,0.002483177,0.0005341643,0.004184617,0.0004852841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003033079,0.0001100839,0.6172337,0.0003102873,0.0007347218,0.0003746268,0.002079481,0.1980856,0.002100052,0.08084428,0.009287413,0.08853643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000249425,0.00002416607,0.9287757,0.00009314028,0.0001136229,0.00006320653,0.001174097,0.04595785,0.001133594,0.01076677,0.01181079,0.00006213884],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9676609,0.001055468,0.006367614,0.0006092635,0.000007801201,0.00006313188,0.00355262,0.00004661072,0.02063652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960996,0.000293373,0.0008275653,0.00002300094,0.000005248652,0.00001437273,0.0008580553,0.000006246948,0.001872607],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9753914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2232206,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1274088644618523,"score_gpt":0.2514144701338847,"score_spread":0.1240056056720324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}