{"id":"W2143923748","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2004.09.030","title":"The microstructural characteristics of ultrafine-grained nickel","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering A","topic":"Microstructure and mechanical properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":200,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Misorientation; Materials science; Severe plastic deformation; Pressing; Microstructure; Torsion (gastropod); Grain boundary; Metallurgy; Nickel; Grain size; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006949677,0.0001244115,0.0001834968,0.00004273885,0.0002638242,0.0002301514,0.0003495585,0.00003709425,0.00002814317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003182935,0.00007374913,0.00001757757,0.0001566105,0.0004736711,0.0001757703,0.0001092121,0.00004587346,0.00001198331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000314126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008686445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006466648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001779958,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989259,0.000008512447,0.0002788398,0.0002075058,0.0002393719,0.0003399341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994904,0.00002719401,0.00007666041,0.0002130553,0.0001170551,0.00007567318],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001633314,0.000002788597,0.000002810224,0.00003071336,0.000001233101,9.072917e-7,0.0001770684,0.00002205754,0.9966047,0.00281366,0.00000901672,0.000318667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001633721,0.00004862205,0.001486402,0.00003421537,0.000005105411,0.0000303119,0.00003742406,0.0000147378,0.9972012,0.0003194806,0.0005531036,0.0001060439],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998477,0.0000994518,0.0001030708,0.0001947868,0.0009406056,0.00009653239,0.00002748805,0.00004377619,0.00001730855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988794,0.00003988875,0.0009069405,0.00005528577,0.00007448647,0.000005499466,0.000001378289,0.000008883644,0.00002826194],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002494179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3007402,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006034382426408639,"score_gpt":0.1915798793768619,"score_spread":0.1855454969504533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}