{"id":"W2144067991","doi":"10.1109/apmc.2006.4429728","title":"A BPSK modulator using a ring-hybrid and HFET switches","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Phase-shift keying; Modulation (music); Amplitude and phase-shift keying; Quadrature amplitude modulation; Amplitude; Physics; Phase (matter); Telecommunications; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Bit error rate; Optics; Acoustics; Channel (broadcasting)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001761156,0.0001737851,0.0002781237,0.0001737639,0.0002190157,0.0003420188,0.0003414192,0.0004063898,0.0008018395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001816797,0.0001442757,0.0001169424,0.0002056094,0.0002423987,0.0005392457,0.0001776072,0.0002904465,0.0003156755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001503357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001521772,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001568639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999854,0.00002157828,0.000008995054,0.00003380783,0.00006212871,0.00001957181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999197,0.00002240431,0.00001940138,0.000009593355,0.00001792129,0.00001102917],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002114179,0.00005187598,0.0006650316,0.00009271729,0.00002756132,0.0001315206,0.00003978228,0.0007716584,0.9596081,0.002589017,0.0003396782,0.03547166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001400812,0.001471183,0.002272746,0.00002297377,0.00007891924,0.001346159,0.0000289943,0.02734795,0.9479817,0.0007599707,0.01851477,0.00003462329],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7794033,0.003299669,0.2039201,0.0005680711,0.0003616346,0.0001694249,0.0001787476,0.0008568576,0.01124214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8825125,0.000759594,0.1112781,0.0001224984,0.0001481841,0.00004679194,0.00008120212,0.00001830945,0.005032846],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008018395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002682388,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01004981644010412,"score_gpt":0.1841122975774396,"score_spread":0.1740624811373355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}