{"id":"W2145466675","doi":"10.1056/nejmoa032158","title":"The Nature of Small-Airway Obstruction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New England Journal of Medicine","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3754,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"St. Paul's Hospital; University of British Columbia","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","keywords":"Medicine; COPD; Airway; Lumen (anatomy); Lung; Infiltration (HVAC); Pathology; Lymphatic system; CD8; Inflammation; Airway obstruction; Immune system; Immunology; Internal medicine; Surgery","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004908389,0.0001444053,0.0002100925,0.0007494871,0.0002826079,0.0003433964,0.0001818592,0.0003725397,0.0009054918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001543393,0.00009204865,0.0001492371,0.0004453808,0.0004307055,0.0003570145,0.0002788122,0.0003295983,0.0001412522],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001956588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001739915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005190122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008050163,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997734,0.00007973069,0.0000215443,0.00003331492,0.00005772619,0.00003427896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989082,0.0002726604,0.0004990717,0.00002999048,0.00009922637,0.0001909161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002017761,0.00002822632,0.989747,0.00006759645,0.00002479382,0.0003823208,0.00009313377,0.00006635904,0.004503234,0.00005609231,0.000104039,0.004725467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002338844,0.00007133744,0.9981599,0.00001088318,0.000008851233,0.001166144,0.00005314094,0.00008323466,0.0001656859,0.00005640947,0.0002203404,0.000001639717],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954532,0.00345787,0.0001360248,0.000162395,0.0000100213,0.00001355938,0.0001086416,0.000004227813,0.0006539728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994298,0.0002755679,0.00008832527,0.00002276295,0.00003111103,0.000004959825,0.00009404553,8.738845e-7,0.00005251317],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009054918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003029168,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01285689278326337,"score_gpt":0.2827117393128466,"score_spread":0.2698548465295832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}