{"id":"W2145928589","doi":"","title":"Patent First, Litigate Later! The Scramble for Speculative and Overly Broad Genetic Patents: Implications for Access to Health Care and Biomedical Research","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","topic":"Intellectual Property and Patents","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Monopoly; State (computer science); Public domain; Law and economics; Industrialisation; Business; Patent troll; Economics; Patent law; Intellectual property; Law; Political science; Market economy; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006242078,0.0001727609,0.0002004091,0.0001204969,0.001342489,0.0007863382,0.0002857352,0.00007639323,0.00007233175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003693461,0.0001195753,0.00005626813,0.0003571701,0.000168808,0.0004329867,0.0002021494,0.0001711035,0.00005534964],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006305842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005782925,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002121692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00101618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984277,0.00005025345,0.0002943022,0.0004500343,0.0002137257,0.0005639216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989245,0.000183259,0.00008183868,0.0002673785,0.0004448266,0.000098178],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002298228,0.001148417,0.1663526,0.008740778,0.000750882,0.00001439039,0.0101961,0.0003095395,0.001941858,0.3929238,0.3030247,0.1122987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002088134,0.0004640846,0.07139269,0.0002938751,0.00005041173,0.000005359612,0.0009907985,0.000913243,0.0002191509,0.02423164,0.8989015,0.0004491727],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.952496,0.002992694,0.00485267,0.02565336,0.0005734395,0.007685356,0.0002407842,0.0001080425,0.005397665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916993,0.0001027498,0.000889473,0.005880396,0.0003682873,0.0005720364,0.00007535023,0.00003604553,0.0003763554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5958768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999576,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1877303810292407,"score_gpt":0.336376414725366,"score_spread":0.1486460336961253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}