{"id":"W2146368617","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.398320","title":"The Scope and Governance of International R&amp;D Alliances","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Corporate governance; Business; Finance; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003970324,0.00009220371,0.0002021133,0.00302485,0.001396043,0.008024286,0.0005234221,0.001374234,0.005470963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01608125,0.0002765531,0.0002008061,0.001739094,0.004478325,0.004799737,0.002865352,0.00078523,0.0004066927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001481825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001762867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001739277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003662938,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976828,0.00105205,0.0001270224,0.0002697239,0.0004475616,0.0004208841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9854011,0.00892444,0.002049903,0.0008064159,0.0008904648,0.001927658],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009410355,0.00006976137,0.04963702,0.00006377642,0.0000412302,0.0001905682,0.005834523,0.003453552,0.001705209,0.9027768,0.001347456,0.03478603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007294705,0.0001568535,0.1650745,0.0003332203,0.00006904736,0.0004674839,0.0180092,0.008612782,0.001210933,0.7620591,0.04389401,0.00003985331],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7893863,0.002228818,0.009936849,0.002800037,0.0000207405,0.0000466793,0.0001218613,0.00003987395,0.195419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981779,0.0001640777,0.0003769897,0.00003364671,0.00001011801,0.000008199255,0.00001617842,0.000002218852,0.001210768],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008024286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02099735,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01087145394840567,"score_gpt":0.231707716567458,"score_spread":0.2208362626190524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}