{"id":"W2146942440","doi":"10.1146/annurev-environ-122012-094357","title":"Implications of Arctic Sea Ice Decline for the Earth System","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Environment and Resources","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Division of Arctic Sciences; Alaska Climate Adaptation Science Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks; U.S. Geological Survey; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Office of Science; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sea ice; Arctic geoengineering; Arctic sea ice decline; Arctic ice pack; Arctic; Tundra; Environmental science; Arctic ecology; Cryosphere; Ice-albedo feedback; Arctic dipole anomaly; Oceanography; Global warming; Climatology; Climate change; Radiative forcing; Antarctic sea ice; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000536276,0.00007432337,0.0001910376,0.00001296669,0.0001190133,0.000004470285,0.0001461321,0.00002245279,0.0001041117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005900144,0.00004113881,0.00006821588,0.00004011023,0.0001812513,0.00003784745,0.00002165373,0.00004147815,0.000007205071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001223611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004763245,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000164096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000227313,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993519,0.00005100961,0.0002482473,0.00011387,0.0001275715,0.0001074195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990413,0.0005587129,0.0001660022,0.0001743353,0.00001745579,0.00004220453],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005358918,0.0000562413,0.4173058,0.01468199,0.0001380045,2.885484e-7,0.0009796292,0.0006213684,0.00002017391,0.003454549,0.0005142055,0.5621741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002147973,0.0002888747,0.5843341,0.001517391,0.0002456674,0.00001156595,0.001073453,0.004258747,0.000009781237,0.0002515835,0.4076656,0.0001284471],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6347204,0.3017489,0.01925015,0.0217629,0.0003285631,0.003650023,0.001634192,0.00005372283,0.01685113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9607811,0.03787136,0.0006787069,0.0004441511,0.00005408914,0.000003843023,0.00003496601,0.000002339993,0.0001294646],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5620457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1677592,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007300094501677975,"score_gpt":0.2088128643663485,"score_spread":0.2015127698646705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}