{"id":"W2147990519","doi":"10.1128/aac.44.11.3049-3054.2000","title":"Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Clinical Isolates of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> : Contributions of Type II Topoisomerase Mutations and Efflux to Levels of Resistance","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy","topic":"Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections","field":"Medicine","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre; University Health Network; University of Toronto; Dalhousie University; Hamilton Health Sciences; McMaster University","funders":"Medical Research Council; Medical Research Council Canada","keywords":"Efflux; Ciprofloxacin; Biology; Microbiology; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Topoisomerase IV; Amino acid substitution; Quinolone; Amino acid; Cross-resistance; Streptococcaceae; Mutation; DNA gyrase; Genetics; Gene; Antibiotics; Escherichia coli","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001378703,0.000117675,0.0004430925,0.0000922974,0.00007489334,0.00000428481,0.00005210773,0.000103051,0.0001376721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000447795,0.000105657,0.00007203992,0.0003164456,0.0002413039,0.00004547139,0.00001600451,0.0001092385,0.000001573219],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001329603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006901917,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000227744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007854783,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989238,0.00004300903,0.0005993032,0.0002090762,0.00007185198,0.0001530065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993804,0.00006593531,0.0001360029,0.0001862774,0.0001480428,0.00008336055],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006722822,0.001195455,0.2032233,0.0002921515,0.0001803527,0.000007710637,0.001385017,0.00001165105,0.7845802,0.0001410599,0.00315941,0.0051515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004085184,0.0006470488,0.8658752,0.0006918014,0.00007698528,0.000007553283,0.00005134312,0.000009736737,0.0996516,0.00009593252,0.02863175,0.0001758069],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994621,0.0001115196,0.00001154764,0.004283414,0.00004331201,0.000379336,0.0001917467,0.00001009506,0.0003480732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965948,0.001067769,0.0001578865,0.001324634,0.00002500864,0.000005169248,0.000008057465,0.00001129752,0.000805335],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6849285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4308566,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01683226412214952,"score_gpt":0.3138974713780354,"score_spread":0.2970652072558859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}