{"id":"W2148680534","doi":"10.1183/18106838/breathe.4.4.342","title":"Bronchodilator therapy in COPD: physiological effects","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Breathe","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bronchodilator; COPD; Bronchodilator Agents; Medicine; Intensive care medicine; Asthma; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009801264,0.0001727903,0.0003299452,0.00009300026,0.00007306154,0.000005723694,0.0001341328,0.0001083916,0.000513092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007046188,0.0001213448,0.0001290112,0.0002531398,0.0002331337,0.00005690685,0.00005717568,0.0002886736,0.0002880393],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002266407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001823533,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009084839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002812588,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986292,0.0001155438,0.0001597558,0.0003601288,0.0003326037,0.0004028327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992016,0.0001343449,0.0000279024,0.0003834698,0.00005020619,0.0002024545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003295758,0.004250173,0.7365168,0.0004885831,0.0002464073,0.008118321,0.001374914,0.00001896931,0.1029911,0.0009209707,0.02326872,0.1185093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003627125,0.0002904817,0.9896774,0.00005678717,0.000007980151,0.0002241949,0.00002726703,0.0001645954,0.002084833,0.0002630856,0.003448729,0.0001274846],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915597,0.002081976,0.000007752617,0.0003619698,0.00006962613,0.0007673144,0.000007709629,0.00007857524,0.005065372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997193,0.0004110069,0.000128554,0.0004758251,0.0002502126,0.00009386842,0.00001926275,0.00002749558,0.001400708],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2531607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5617997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03229684700439426,"score_gpt":0.3043812465663303,"score_spread":0.272084399561936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}