{"id":"W2149584661","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2013.825033","title":"Cognitive Enhancement in Canadian Medical Students","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs","topic":"Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University Health Network; Western University; University of Toronto","funders":"Pfizer Canada; H. Lundbeck A/S; Servier","keywords":"Cognition; Stimulant; Seniority; Medicine; Psychology; Psychiatry; Family medicine; Clinical psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007482722,0.0002344879,0.0002271534,0.001250742,0.003527814,0.0009991946,0.0005194192,0.000496253,0.007397949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002781793,0.0001931494,0.0002940199,0.001945223,0.0006845027,0.0002235879,0.0009624321,0.0008793711,0.0004668896],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01436799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03136374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9181221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9513953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989802,0.0000647741,0.00003113404,0.00007432602,0.000471015,0.00037863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971609,0.0001289241,0.0004077301,0.00002791018,0.0006891928,0.001585388],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001355969,0.0004251584,0.9394551,0.0001787438,0.00002306061,0.000269496,0.006883455,0.00005206169,0.0006437504,0.0003086688,0.01012725,0.0414977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001872316,0.0001518763,0.9814964,0.00008105383,0.00001301045,0.0001744045,0.005790356,0.000104269,0.0001419469,0.00003787991,0.01197208,0.00001813602],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876859,0.0006201371,0.00003381443,0.00276953,0.00005989771,0.00006621833,0.0006713457,0.000009556681,0.008083479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947057,0.0008485846,0.0001308388,0.0009400477,0.00003207183,0.00002816553,0.0003264103,0.000003084581,0.002985049],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08187789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1647201,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03610608852130725,"score_gpt":0.3789278873913897,"score_spread":0.3428217988700825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}