{"id":"W2149887752","doi":"10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[0477:voaoff]2.0.co;2","title":"VESTIGIAL ORGANS AS OPPORTUNITIES FOR FUNCTIONAL INNOVATION: THE EXAMPLE OF THE PENSTEMON STAMINODE","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evolution","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Pollinator; Hummingbird; Pollination; Pollen; Nectar; Botany","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001412342,0.000179883,0.0001655918,0.0002649765,0.0003011433,0.0004543261,0.0002556864,0.0005121117,0.0008882178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001729861,0.0001075157,0.000176794,0.0001428629,0.0005227462,0.0006546947,0.0005330723,0.0005155993,0.0001365381],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002155173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001068005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003328409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006838565,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999392,0.00001421005,0.000002004804,0.00001891836,0.00001257461,0.00001315355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998454,0.00006406299,0.00001959136,0.00002349282,0.00000970074,0.00003779497],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001288853,0.00001107919,0.004831023,0.00005403448,0.000007773307,0.0007217264,0.0003199268,0.0001935813,0.9833727,0.002297538,0.00004438503,0.00801729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006269258,0.001118114,0.5318328,0.00006871134,0.0001230579,0.007394971,0.001705445,0.007683352,0.4012909,0.007531632,0.04109198,0.0000963834],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934962,0.000747891,0.001890764,0.0000849826,0.00000620439,0.000003822165,0.00003220344,0.00002281272,0.003715111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974209,0.0001764177,0.001482916,0.00004316713,0.000003456782,0.000003066303,0.00003027046,0.000008097979,0.0008317529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008882178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002971411,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2219282992265325,"score_gpt":0.2264119399420457,"score_spread":0.004483640715513187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}