{"id":"W2150037669","doi":"10.1017/s0261444812000365","title":"Oral corrective feedback in second language classrooms","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Language Teaching","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":731,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Corrective feedback; Psychology; Focus on form; Second-language acquisition; Second language; Mathematics education; Focus (optics); Pedagogy; Linguistics; Grammar","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003823832,0.0005037323,0.0007072328,0.001539626,0.0007532419,0.002386241,0.000833301,0.0008053281,0.002501761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02308079,0.0001910442,0.0002197171,0.0007141822,0.0008742415,0.0009380293,0.001311166,0.0009962622,0.0006396491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001126711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002352417,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002744525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003829872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9942233,0.002248715,0.0002642326,0.000399851,0.002627461,0.0002364129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9842592,0.01139454,0.001380169,0.0004714757,0.001675406,0.0008191523],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003847131,0.0008086195,0.01165883,0.002872796,0.00003680656,0.0009782277,0.02355532,0.0004725413,0.009950402,0.001424909,0.003798201,0.9440586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006441239,0.01128778,0.2884986,0.02200616,0.0005650723,0.02330518,0.09571131,0.004398123,0.07064356,0.01149263,0.4708661,0.0005813312],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7864577,0.1191719,0.01893811,0.004119177,0.001078585,0.0003873037,0.0001535372,0.001079782,0.06861389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9491522,0.02811904,0.0121676,0.000475344,0.0001943785,0.0001777658,0.00009206474,0.0001224638,0.009499114],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003823832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0202226,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01979303465405488,"score_gpt":0.2719224443624114,"score_spread":0.2521294097083566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}