{"id":"W2150130683","doi":"10.2902/1725-0463.2009.04.art16","title":"Volunteered Geographic Information: the nature and motivation of produsers","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Twente Research Information","topic":"Wikis in Education and Collaboration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":402,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Geospatial analysis; Voluntarism (philosophy); Volunteered geographic information; Knowledge management; Vision; World Wide Web; Public relations; Business; Computer science; Data science; Political science; Geography; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001391141,0.00003435376,0.00005421257,0.0003412633,0.0005304583,0.00005492196,0.000200494,0.0000899315,0.00003885804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006524691,0.00003202565,0.00001901554,0.0008514659,0.000332619,0.003020522,0.00002465327,0.0001903667,0.000006936788],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005046711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002432785,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000722111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001543479,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989655,0.0001455205,0.0001384439,0.00003696996,0.0005981221,0.0001154414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982171,0.0000855463,0.0001557544,0.0001143762,0.001386031,0.00004119502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003144675,0.000121624,0.03089445,0.0001381122,0.00004527938,1.543506e-7,0.2776531,0.0001661801,0.00009564813,0.4823383,0.03830731,0.1699253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000450563,0.0001187186,0.2965674,0.00004395481,0.000007936294,2.773966e-7,0.1635937,0.000413763,0.000115106,0.001609712,0.5370058,0.00007317033],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9062012,0.00006679086,0.0005852495,0.02666915,0.0001845033,0.0008826296,0.00002203875,0.00003769788,0.06535067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992625,0.000267194,0.0001435164,0.00008433289,0.00001914646,2.924458e-7,0.00004035213,5.048484e-7,0.0001821663],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4986984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.407991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01899424123288407,"score_gpt":0.3094382664622529,"score_spread":0.2904440252293689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}