{"id":"W2150382956","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01644.x","title":"Large herbivores facilitate savanna tree establishment via diverse and indirect pathways","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Animal Ecology","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":133,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; American Society of Mammalogists; National Geographic Society; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Smithsonian Institution; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Herbivore; Biology; Predation; Ecology; Seed predation; Understory; Microsite; Grazing; Dominance (genetics); Ecosystem; Seed dispersal; Agronomy; Seedling; Population; Biological dispersal; Canopy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004332433,0.0001031191,0.0002404021,0.00006402776,0.0001788992,0.0000110764,0.000116325,0.00008230049,0.0004249979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008345452,0.00008503788,0.00005805509,0.00007917641,0.0001500872,0.0002432278,0.00009262886,0.0001832554,0.0000565612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009768258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001223173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005949888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00103643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991332,0.00008198552,0.0002847601,0.0001349927,0.0001163219,0.0002486905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995189,0.000100796,0.0002169203,0.00005391823,0.00002208406,0.0000873975],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005191698,0.0005387464,0.9687474,0.000009370253,0.0001041393,0.0003345455,0.004638255,0.0002245478,0.01074566,0.0007036825,0.004381402,0.009053087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006591793,0.002752228,0.9907961,0.000003245319,0.00002697288,0.0000993432,0.0005253245,0.0003702602,0.00007481762,0.00321139,0.001393112,0.00008805295],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947305,0.0001507703,0.0001172655,0.001050762,0.0001408333,0.00006558303,0.00000444754,0.000008048196,0.003731819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984013,0.0001642121,0.0006120364,0.0006470793,0.00002883034,0.000001066863,6.594067e-7,0.000003021161,0.0001417317],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02204868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4653429,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01584139948335192,"score_gpt":0.2300537635649568,"score_spread":0.2142123640816049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}