{"id":"W2150516785","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22100.x","title":"The growth of galactic bulges through mergers in Λ CDM haloes revisited – I. Present-day properties","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Bulge; Galaxy; Stars; Stellar mass; Stellar population; Galaxy formation and evolution; Disc galaxy; Elliptical galaxy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005788266,0.0002667796,0.0002119803,0.0007490059,0.000336118,0.0009599234,0.0004014341,0.0003736617,0.0005334365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00206712,0.000292174,0.0004651341,0.0006723593,0.0005405283,0.0006355328,0.0005895655,0.0003304402,0.00009951884],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008905072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002426249,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01434671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01044759,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999297,0.00001603913,0.000005025715,0.00001896153,0.00001176971,0.000018516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992297,0.0002247207,0.0002123737,0.00009763579,0.00007471888,0.0001609308],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001772349,0.00004291123,0.9061691,0.00003023994,0.0001430407,0.0002326654,0.0002597066,0.07995415,0.006720702,0.001799857,0.0002512267,0.00421907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003161201,0.0001018892,0.8371931,0.00001916148,0.00008334123,0.0002391984,0.0002753535,0.1566285,0.003243011,0.001304235,0.0008480869,0.00003250417],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999375,0.00008004741,0.0001561914,0.0000251634,7.433546e-7,0.000001326625,0.0001203994,0.00001048931,0.0002306081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996406,0.00004113352,0.0001114135,0.000004712094,0.000001364243,0.00000101434,0.0001445611,0.000004799271,0.00005045459],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01434671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02852643,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01018760337722668,"score_gpt":0.2026069466348906,"score_spread":0.1924193432576639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}