{"id":"W2150599441","doi":"10.1007/s00421-009-1169-4","title":"Bronchodilator effect on ventilatory, pulmonary gas exchange, and heart rate kinetics during high-intensity exercise in COPD","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Applied Physiology","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Kingston General Hospital; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"COPD; Lung volumes; Dynamic hyperinflation; Bronchodilator; Cardiology; Respiratory minute volume; Medicine; Heart rate; Respiratory system; Internal medicine; Respiratory exchange ratio; Pulmonary rehabilitation; Work rate; Ventilation (architecture); Respiratory rate; Pulmonary function testing; Anesthesia; Lung; Blood pressure; Asthma","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006526159,0.0005185641,0.001470272,0.0002108125,0.0003269007,0.0005231535,0.0003845195,0.0008733299,0.00157636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002775907,0.0002856739,0.0004070043,0.0002162952,0.0004911862,0.0004595553,0.0003258059,0.001026315,0.0002465676],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002650816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003282862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001429554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001276075,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997019,0.0001088357,0.00002901529,0.0000380299,0.00004923584,0.00007297823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984748,0.0009464622,0.0001122903,0.0001139124,0.00008118308,0.0002714006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.4682699,0.004529875,0.05225383,0.0007744479,0.0009447081,0.0009115454,0.001196855,0.002307883,0.413156,0.0002390729,0.0007484925,0.05466728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004339142,0.03445711,0.886891,0.00008600075,0.0008100636,0.0006392432,0.0004015109,0.004115332,0.06677399,0.0001607153,0.001272497,0.00005338757],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982722,0.0009404694,0.00009122639,0.00006402402,0.00002253565,0.00002253311,0.0001344991,0.00001146221,0.0004410703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987068,0.0004311482,0.000124843,0.00007696855,0.00006137673,0.00004976919,0.0001679417,0.00001231816,0.0003688661],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00157636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005273461,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01007958256146935,"score_gpt":0.2486014474197044,"score_spread":0.238521864858235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}