{"id":"W2150763916","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2005.01499.x","title":"Flow‐substrate interactions create and mediate leaf litter resource patches in streams","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Freshwater Biology","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Riffle; Substrate (aquarium); STREAMS; Transect; Litter; Plant litter; Hydrology (agriculture); Ecology; Environmental science; Botany; Biology; Habitat; Geology; Nutrient","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001315672,0.000136941,0.0001535446,0.00005020836,0.00006891008,0.00001100108,0.000116049,0.0001220412,0.002602485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003528669,0.0001061325,0.00002402645,0.00008416962,0.0003267927,0.0001205229,0.00005066206,0.0001633059,0.0002132249],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002094867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003537838,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001639104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02518212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990241,0.0000674671,0.0002221384,0.0003326775,0.00004495151,0.0003086913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999745,0.00004845648,0.00003679088,0.0001211105,0.000002630039,0.00004607097],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005182941,0.00007688606,0.9844568,0.000005967263,0.000009109939,0.00003572083,0.0004168243,0.0010462,0.01020549,0.00003591788,0.001319404,0.002339811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001340988,0.0002442935,0.5116103,0.00002491571,0.00003624466,0.00004171971,0.0001105025,0.003657876,0.0284024,0.01096746,0.4430293,0.0005340188],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929936,0.00009260572,0.00008984098,0.001038636,0.00006390896,0.00008106033,0.00003592164,0.0000364297,0.005567986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978883,0.00002934638,0.0004957332,0.0004202792,0.00006098728,0.00002394556,0.0001630304,0.00000862363,0.0009097094],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4728465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007338202648558923,"score_gpt":0.2107179484593023,"score_spread":0.2033797458107434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}