{"id":"W2151698190","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2012.714420","title":"Kinetic Extractions of Nickel and Lead from Some Contaminated Calcareous Soils","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Lethbridge","keywords":"Calcareous; Soil water; Chemistry; Nickel; Metal; Environmental chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Leaching (pedology); Malic acid; Soil contamination; Contamination; Reaction rate constant; Kinetics; Nuclear chemistry; Geology; Citric acid; Chromatography; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004529472,0.000140232,0.0001552366,0.00008578696,0.0001162833,0.00005587931,0.000166726,0.00007428796,0.001087775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006029206,0.0001295236,0.00004199743,0.00003919554,0.000210703,0.00109228,0.0001080708,0.0001904728,0.00004203379],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001048672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004050685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004340087,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985068,0.0001260452,0.0003787023,0.0001863636,0.0005936851,0.000208449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993091,0.00009641333,0.0002247344,0.0001081568,0.00003356058,0.0002280445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001446229,0.001432772,0.4225503,0.00000944481,0.0003233226,0.0000379348,0.006288718,0.0005253156,0.141007,0.002568843,0.0005760411,0.4245357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001446209,0.0002250407,0.9728217,0.00003318569,0.00006639567,0.0001690951,0.0009076389,0.003608496,0.01338696,0.0006861799,0.006416438,0.0002327041],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960156,0.0002868971,0.001250542,0.0004400495,0.0008253084,0.00009507278,0.00002469964,0.00001218018,0.001049617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977901,0.0004881701,0.0006287394,0.0002861029,0.000248526,0.00000836548,0.00002970742,0.00001182216,0.0005084599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5502713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01547146439829932,"score_gpt":0.2658760365277038,"score_spread":0.2504045721294044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}