{"id":"W2153362624","doi":"10.1093/ecam/nen089","title":"Winnowing the Chaff of Charlatanism from the Wheat of Science","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","topic":"Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Victoria Park","funders":"","keywords":"Pseudoscience; Winnowing; Falsifiability; Realm; Chaff; Set (abstract data type); Epistemology; Computer science; Philosophy; Engineering; Political science; History; Law; Medicine; Alternative medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001309607,0.0002769023,0.0006525126,0.0001710292,0.0007258311,0.000004980549,0.0006169977,0.000008217376,0.0008083586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005507035,0.0001347749,0.00009362156,0.0006023252,0.007414552,0.0002564392,0.0002962195,0.0002746431,0.000001743761],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006212285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001703768,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003823513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000616719,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970515,0.0001774898,0.0007430307,0.0004356503,0.001263408,0.0003289543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996021,0.002538923,0.0003851136,0.0005442192,0.0003857944,0.0001249045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001173313,0.0002934842,0.8307559,0.0002179165,0.0008082584,0.0001318037,0.02251538,0.00002630078,0.1194286,0.004543752,0.003427942,0.01667735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00835014,0.005515608,0.8371609,0.006699574,0.0006972394,0.00008913314,0.0193669,0.001666121,0.1121227,0.001531446,0.006475771,0.0003244835],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9571803,0.007092997,0.0008572484,0.03321712,0.0004855922,0.0007547194,0.00007910655,0.00001547625,0.0003174006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939278,0.001733494,0.0003959471,0.002838292,0.0009841715,0.00002398018,0.00003824116,0.00001179827,0.00004621999],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03674752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9952867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1776710803591398,"score_gpt":0.3610733941363171,"score_spread":0.1834023137771772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}