{"id":"W2153558842","doi":"10.5539/jedp.v3n1p192","title":"Individual Differences in Children’s Early Strategy Behavior in Arithmetic Tasks","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Subtraction; Psychology; Arithmetic; Variable (mathematics); Test (biology); Developmental psychology; Simple (philosophy); Mathematics education; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000459323,0.0002665302,0.0002298615,0.000829511,0.0001311921,0.0003813281,0.0001482001,0.0002074305,0.0008895747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002045216,0.0001903531,0.0001759273,0.0002682444,0.0002945651,0.0001908563,0.0003689141,0.0003108899,0.0001811422],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001724229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001179087,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002200266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003311944,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996701,0.0000465138,0.00003837991,0.00007690904,0.00009899409,0.00006904419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989887,0.0003526867,0.0003110545,0.0000923494,0.0001006768,0.0001545715],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000552425,0.0002691814,0.938398,0.00003457738,0.00006971213,0.000312491,0.003863248,0.0002299534,0.044253,0.000151621,0.000112166,0.01175348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002907595,0.0001094006,0.9985383,0.000001088156,0.000005362953,0.0001254744,0.000179855,0.00006033081,0.0008929343,0.00002250896,0.00005868266,0.000003168669],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997914,0.00001038382,0.00002552383,0.000001898535,3.040749e-7,0.000002109955,0.00002728079,0.000001990597,0.0001390534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995666,0.00002009608,0.0001131502,0.000002227952,4.378546e-7,0.000007784864,0.00008443918,0.000001871453,0.0002034192],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002200266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004374862,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05114391366353783,"score_gpt":0.3434390843696322,"score_spread":0.2922951707060944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}