{"id":"W2153928704","doi":"10.1503/cmaj.1031981","title":"Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 3. Measures of observer variability (kappa statistic)","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Medical Association Journal","topic":"Radiology practices and education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":485,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Notice; Kappa; Cohen's kappa; Interpretation (philosophy); Statistic; Medicine; Medical physics; Computer science; Statistics; Mathematics; Machine learning; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1439840874599849,"score_gpt":0.357593389097819,"score_spread":0.213609301637834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}