{"id":"W2156530706","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2005.03.008","title":"Spreading speeds as slowest wave speeds for cooperative systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Biosciences","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":286,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Conjecture; Wave speed; Traveling wave; Scalar (mathematics); Mathematics; Competition (biology); Class (philosophy); Pure mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Computer science; Ecology; Geometry; Biology; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002376872,0.0009376598,0.0009111219,0.003799849,0.001045655,0.004259404,0.001349156,0.001696454,0.004172035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02642729,0.0007397464,0.0006010277,0.001609828,0.00313823,0.007309712,0.001748577,0.002759061,0.0007381506],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008607268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000636169,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005971094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004828428,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994224,0.0001938758,0.00003749431,0.0001151452,0.0001206591,0.0001103715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9768703,0.01648881,0.002660134,0.001223319,0.001779169,0.00097833],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007040212,0.00002354023,0.001842843,0.0001891443,0.00003331395,0.0001059576,0.0008247544,0.03670592,0.002975021,0.940173,0.001696085,0.01536013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002351416,0.00004124809,0.001294476,0.00005148955,0.00003215273,0.0002158129,0.0003153399,0.08768395,0.0006674103,0.9076595,0.001974002,0.00004113331],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4135912,0.004578728,0.5432052,0.003601347,0.0003117379,0.0001318312,0.0003521257,0.0003445284,0.03388328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9477624,0.003493469,0.03902486,0.0003472115,0.0004519434,0.0002163627,0.0001478812,0.0001252554,0.008430738],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004259404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01395684,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06179850162670358,"score_gpt":0.336193901723152,"score_spread":0.2743954000964484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}