{"id":"W2156922722","doi":"10.1109/tcomm.2006.869879","title":"Exact expression for the BER of rectangular QAM with arbitrary constellation mapping","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","topic":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Quadrature amplitude modulation; QAM; Gray code; Mathematics; Bit error rate; Algorithm; Expression (computer science); Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging); Upper and lower bounds; Bounding overwatch; Phase-shift keying; Constellation diagram; Electronic engineering; Computer science; Statistics; Mathematical analysis; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001351093,0.0001448874,0.000154357,0.0001395743,0.0003413524,0.00001795946,0.000621232,0.00007744165,0.00001880742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002546514,0.0001185121,0.00008445485,0.0003248062,0.0002036353,0.0001748371,0.000004150443,0.0002900813,0.0000026246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006162334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000213864,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003125458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000676999,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992283,0.00006502185,0.0003368005,0.0001106814,0.0001239727,0.0001352489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996915,0.0009748941,0.00009650615,0.00188858,0.0001018116,0.00002323408],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007839945,0.0004720731,0.00005592308,0.0001415872,0.0001810173,2.553868e-7,0.0008146656,0.7513266,0.1783526,0.005099683,0.001085424,0.06239172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000703726,0.00009028411,0.0002608395,0.0003834827,0.00009383647,0.00001000721,0.0004392999,0.1678199,0.7952151,0.00261724,0.03195915,0.000407173],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002644278,0.0009170124,0.9899148,0.0004106127,0.00005275464,0.0006972115,0.00005063882,0.0004785885,0.004834105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9015293,0.0009955373,0.09702345,0.00001983454,0.00001141213,0.0002945116,0.00002541135,0.00004143409,0.00005911736],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.898885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4832784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02028480927255559,"score_gpt":0.2449512760116851,"score_spread":0.2246664667391295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}