{"id":"W2157111035","doi":"10.11575/prism/30286","title":"Black Market Botnets","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRISM (University of Calgary)","topic":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Botnet; Zombie; Variety (cybernetics); Computer security; Internet privacy; Computer science; Business; World Wide Web; The Internet; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001165159,0.0007125679,0.0006086053,0.001349062,0.002201087,0.003122188,0.0009889021,0.002601255,0.01211581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003336496,0.0004103045,0.0005145353,0.0008210365,0.00267535,0.005974573,0.002085658,0.001791387,0.003150689],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001543541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009620893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001787673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002141699,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998988,0.0001926773,0.00002136486,0.0001715076,0.0003568997,0.0002695876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976583,0.0008164482,0.0004122436,0.0004898526,0.0003770458,0.0002462323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001411565,0.0001339066,0.002401793,0.0001777928,0.00005686971,0.0005567778,0.0006607128,0.008024245,0.008133963,0.8354939,0.03778659,0.1064323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001098869,0.0002535778,0.003185479,0.0002564343,0.00005515558,0.001676609,0.0006069739,0.09872963,0.01043442,0.5774114,0.3072145,0.00006588234],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1260517,0.004047504,0.4334469,0.01516139,0.0008224587,0.0007264897,0.0005528181,0.004235752,0.414955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8235876,0.003171174,0.05236733,0.004191396,0.0004316928,0.0003702344,0.0002779976,0.0003030966,0.1152995],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01211581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0405314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007422001293687496,"score_gpt":0.2044699962734139,"score_spread":0.1970479949797264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}