{"id":"W2157425690","doi":"10.1002/bit.24958","title":"Investigation of the porous structure of cellulosic substrates through confocal laser scanning microscopy","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"U.S. Department of Transportation; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Diffusion; Porosity; Microscopy; Biological system; Cellulose; Materials science; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Optics; Composite material; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002417834,0.0001080016,0.000123231,0.00006051634,0.00003171964,0.000006462091,0.0001037159,0.0002828648,0.00002000737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005701751,0.00007895537,0.00002210768,0.0001945746,0.0002460339,0.00008313192,0.00003509956,0.0001808515,0.000001519451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001002674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006100908,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003196228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001594899,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995495,0.000005704988,0.0001658223,0.0001085181,0.00004874228,0.0001216835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997598,0.000007708236,0.00004336431,0.0001479891,0.00002408191,0.00001707966],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001340802,0.000001530738,0.001751315,0.0001871763,0.00001956372,1.188593e-7,0.00007580355,0.0003381013,0.9970559,0.0001825338,0.00008787657,0.0002987081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001133739,0.00002315126,0.004058387,0.00004036463,0.00001093993,0.000009738425,0.0001199819,0.001666048,0.9935093,0.000193668,0.0001705384,0.00008454391],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978745,0.0008260748,0.0002821176,0.0004423547,0.0002910057,0.0001309241,0.000008144033,0.0001279602,0.00001689946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985416,0.0001033645,0.001292367,0.00001717716,0.00002146396,0.000001554172,0.000003375678,0.000009625463,0.000009484057],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003546666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3219707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007063365037515651,"score_gpt":0.1797621317994977,"score_spread":0.1726987667619821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}