{"id":"W2157776322","doi":"10.1109/jlt.2009.2033390","title":"Raman Fiber Amplifier With Integrated Cooler","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","topic":"Optical properties and cooling technologies in crystalline materials","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Ytterbium; Materials science; Raman scattering; Fiber laser; Raman spectroscopy; Optics; Optical fiber; Laser cooling; Optical amplifier; Optoelectronics; Laser; Raman cooling; Raman amplification; Core (optical fiber); Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy; Doping; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001554386,0.0001770992,0.0003933445,0.0002369947,0.00006220916,0.00005043627,0.0004514869,0.0001537999,0.000841433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003103851,0.0001049841,0.00008190495,0.0003213474,0.0001762806,0.0001012044,0.00006410994,0.0004575819,0.00003512612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002858437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005654493,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003057349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.907606e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989485,0.00001742787,0.0004682204,0.0001435022,0.0001462392,0.0002761143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990005,0.00002385069,0.0003340866,0.0002999604,0.0002920205,0.00004959504],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001362817,0.001396923,0.005138292,0.00002941138,0.0008889116,0.0002940361,0.0001366224,0.0003355785,0.08854408,0.4384189,0.02726403,0.4361904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00286251,0.006025195,0.0004849222,0.0003867128,0.0002190217,0.0003372249,0.001117761,0.0001369614,0.2407669,0.342681,0.4041546,0.000827092],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.959646,0.0001767556,0.0196781,0.009069086,0.0002036149,0.000161683,0.00000758633,0.0002104783,0.01084667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834654,0.000007405123,0.01560695,0.00009895589,0.0001625238,0.000002353256,0.000001711915,0.00001361218,0.0006410649],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4353633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9213101,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007050254184459834,"score_gpt":0.2288484437156363,"score_spread":0.2217981895311765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}