{"id":"W2157910579","doi":"10.1086/522193","title":"Scaling Relations of Spiral Galaxies","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":250,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Surface brightness; Luminosity; Spiral galaxy; Galaxy; Brightness; Velocity dispersion; Scaling; Fundamental plane (elliptical galaxies); Elliptical galaxy; Astronomy; Lenticular galaxy; Geometry; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000392842,0.0001186135,0.0001585643,0.00006353777,0.0003882385,0.00004665086,0.0002438006,0.00001924548,0.0002785228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001377535,0.00008276942,0.0001707775,0.0002096231,0.0001647665,0.0002893803,0.00004810249,0.0003684571,0.00009372376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004326421,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005867115,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000276729,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.89891e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988353,0.00005072331,0.0004286892,0.00008080047,0.0003061124,0.0002983269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991422,0.0001141707,0.0003003682,0.0001838441,0.0001592402,0.0001001864],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002461481,0.00009856169,0.9483901,0.000001893326,0.00006337828,2.265148e-8,0.0008377139,0.0004295186,0.002862064,0.04604564,0.0002288004,0.001017738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002784154,0.00005224468,0.9829252,0.00001469129,0.00003003124,0.00000579164,0.0006508289,0.0005093791,0.0008536718,0.01454782,0.00005208265,0.00007985994],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9578951,0.00001371011,0.04116061,0.0001554581,0.0001526237,0.00006399795,0.000003958999,0.00001317623,0.0005413526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958162,6.533019e-7,0.002873009,0.000001199473,0.001109682,0.00000141247,0.000004948222,0.00001267815,0.0001802145],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03828759,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3375239,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00876395364213504,"score_gpt":0.2252496559453983,"score_spread":0.2164857023032632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}