{"id":"W2158496598","doi":"10.1155/2012/167296","title":"Natural Convection of Nanofluids in a Square Enclosure with a Protruding Heater","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","topic":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofluid; Natural convection; Materials science; Prandtl number; Mechanics; Rayleigh number; Enclosure; Heat transfer; Heat flux; Thermodynamics; Isothermal process; Combined forced and natural convection; Adiabatic process; Physics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003179301,0.0003317923,0.0006284686,0.000227377,0.0005436528,0.0004883566,0.000567299,0.0009978286,0.0006782916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009527626,0.0002598324,0.0004232345,0.0001978274,0.001036968,0.0004338938,0.0006013889,0.0004054172,0.00008494702],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005033953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006387293,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004577061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00208921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998646,0.00002590399,0.000007077315,0.00004289525,0.00002750133,0.00003200272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995579,0.0002645889,0.00006749594,0.00003388948,0.00003516107,0.0000409829],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002750298,0.000110662,0.003264917,0.0001268863,0.00002865261,0.0004296821,0.0002107259,0.9302646,0.05961137,0.002299556,0.0001283364,0.00324958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005953872,0.0001398578,0.00101252,0.000006546389,0.000009391051,0.00005115538,0.00003768215,0.9921754,0.005984858,0.0002741533,0.0002373866,0.00001141274],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826089,0.0001270122,0.0149374,0.00007083002,0.00001710406,0.00003040881,0.00005524155,0.00005239595,0.002100761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904152,0.00005511302,0.008598485,0.00001249666,0.000005303516,0.00002688023,0.0000346812,0.00001012767,0.0008416533],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004577061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009100854,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00632887988614059,"score_gpt":0.1875078162560492,"score_spread":0.1811789363699086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}