{"id":"W2159639772","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.054","title":"Improved estimate of the policy-relevant background ozone in the United States using the GEOS-Chem global model with 1/2° × 2/3° horizontal resolution over North America","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmospheric Environment","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":205,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Dalhousie University","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Altitude (triangle); Ozone; Air quality index; Ozone Monitoring Instrument; National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Ozone layer; Meteorology; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000156319,0.0002398323,0.0001854199,8.561992e-7,0.0002442387,0.00002652578,0.0005149175,0.00005628112,0.0002360008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008821077,0.0001136637,0.00006966895,0.0005064511,0.0005483981,0.0001174262,0.00006211088,0.0001987019,0.000006787619],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006749056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007401776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0303115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001591203,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985455,0.00009801525,0.0002916673,0.000285222,0.0003722505,0.0004073721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991119,0.00006300575,0.000240278,0.0005122121,0.000008666038,0.00006397086],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001685691,0.0001123251,0.2403913,0.0000125605,0.00004550658,0.00000693456,0.001332617,0.7560638,0.0001459597,0.00001764029,0.00003744334,0.001665357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000344623,0.000159117,0.2598591,0.00001672215,0.00004735348,0.00001689511,0.001503363,0.7373714,0.00006018228,0.0001104981,0.0003351141,0.0001756188],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899896,0.0001563155,0.008805244,0.0001731851,0.00002877972,0.0003247882,0.00007046042,0.00001214786,0.000439417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798158,0.0001305899,0.01954611,0.0003422525,0.00003497088,0.000005917977,0.00005450328,0.000007302912,0.00006255903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02872029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9761457,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01792660274048143,"score_gpt":0.2105163230761152,"score_spread":0.1925897203356338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}