{"id":"W2159985484","doi":"10.5430/ijhe.v2n4p101","title":"Theoretical Perspectives Underlying the Application of Cooperative Learning in Classrooms","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cooperative learning; Perspective (graphical); Learning theory; Social learning theory; Psychology; Social learning; Social constructivism; Constructivism (international relations); Experiential learning; Mathematics education; Cognition; Pedagogy; Social psychology; Teaching method; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001103348,0.00007643031,0.0001245167,0.0002336177,0.000045062,0.00003688428,0.0002918818,0.00005537481,0.002196552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002417954,0.00005269681,0.00005294839,0.0001946788,0.0001689356,0.0001525023,0.00001786939,0.0005654999,0.00003203292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001374978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001156511,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001249881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001176716,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983858,0.0008085941,0.0003592747,0.000106405,0.0002482194,0.00009163372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979889,0.0004527964,0.0004577669,0.0000892426,0.0009900358,0.00002122047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000634586,0.0003434489,0.02489387,0.000002209001,0.0001125436,7.338334e-7,0.02149167,0.0003204301,0.004234779,0.869909,0.0008418108,0.07778606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004480611,0.0001558789,0.9376186,0.00006107644,0.00001404169,0.00004082177,0.02417539,0.0002473649,0.00009849797,0.02566982,0.01138032,0.00009020342],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9273979,0.0006020696,0.02461857,0.01450393,0.002043867,0.0001783395,4.819109e-7,0.00001207194,0.03064274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954532,0.000005700023,0.001713867,0.0001904895,0.0003066313,0.00002293842,0.000002850176,0.00001020996,0.002294158],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9127247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987156,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03246497032666842,"score_gpt":0.4329374322036093,"score_spread":0.4004724618769409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}