{"id":"W2159993767","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.06.001","title":"Forensic human identification in the United States and Canada: A review of the law, admissible techniques, and the legal implications of their application in forensic cases","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Forensic Science International","topic":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Forensic science; Forensic identification; Identification (biology); Medical jurisprudence; Law; Criminology; Political science; Medicine; Psychology; History; Biology; Archaeology; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001459412,0.0002067204,0.0005455918,0.0002191802,0.000463444,0.00003136254,0.000745079,0.00005922363,0.00001615786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001425981,0.00009396386,0.00009279456,0.0003426276,0.02783022,0.0001534934,0.0002697367,0.0002641511,2.741464e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001040182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003057311,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4302815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8916994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982809,0.0001834656,0.0007363108,0.0002763016,0.0003098048,0.0002131748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980167,0.0005587789,0.0006652442,0.0003917457,0.0003444111,0.00002310677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006462686,0.0000237545,0.0003120347,0.001193033,0.00003498428,7.269765e-7,0.001671567,9.986628e-8,2.635886e-7,0.9364061,0.0006835304,0.05966748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003478758,0.0000664569,0.001232118,0.009363336,0.0003613559,0.0003412849,0.00802365,0.00003459862,0.00005394953,0.01956974,0.9603178,0.0002878573],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.004609376,0.9764397,0.000005448159,0.01446715,0.0004177104,0.00191814,0.0003538223,0.00001194568,0.001776668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1881782,0.8103953,0.00002399192,0.0006587801,0.0001132513,0.0003274718,0.0002053961,0.00001006028,0.00008750962],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9596342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9748155,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05700104044242746,"score_gpt":0.3349681891928047,"score_spread":0.2779671487503772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}